We compared the results of testing for glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADAb) using a radioimmunoassay (RIA) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in subjects with childhood-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D).Serum specimens were collected from 1024 Japanese cases (426 boys and 598 girls) in 2013. The median age at diagnosis was 7 years (0-18 years).
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The blood specimens were obtained at a median age of 13 years (2-22 years).Among the 628 subjects whose serum specimens were collected within 5 years after diagnosis, the rate of GADAb positivity was 47.9% using RIA and 69.4% using ELISA. The subjects were divided into four groups according to their RIA and ELISA results for GADAb as follows: Gr I (RIA+/ELISA+), Gr II (RIA+/ELISA-), Gr III (RIA-/ELISA+), and Gr IV (RIA-/ELISA-).
